The official recognition (‘homologación’) of a foreign degree as a Spanish degree from the Catalogue of Official University Degrees is the official consideration of the training completed as equivalent to that required to obtain a Spanish degree from among those included in the aforementioned catalogue.
From the day it is awarded and the corresponding certificate is issued, official recognition grants the foreign degree the same effects (both academic and professional) as the Spanish degree with which it is officially associated, throughout the national territory, in accordance with current regulations.
The competence to officially recognise Master's degrees corresponds to the Spanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MEFP). The competence to officially recognise Doctoral degrees corresponds to the Spanish universities.
As it involves a procedure that must be dealt with on a case-by-case basis, there is no general answer. You can consult the information we have in the following links: